{"id":2671,"date":"2019-10-12T13:11:27","date_gmt":"2019-10-12T13:11:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/curesz.org\/?p=2671"},"modified":"2023-11-15T14:34:22","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T19:34:22","slug":"what-does-schizophrenia-mean","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/curesz.org\/zh\/2019\/10\/12\/what-does-schizophrenia-mean\/","title":{"rendered":"\u540d\u5b57\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1352px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><div id=\"attachment_2674\" style=\"width: 343px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2674\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-2674\" src=\"https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-951x1024.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-951x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait of Dr. Carol North\" width=\"333\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27333%27%20height%3D%27359%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20333%20359%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27333%27%20height%3D%27359%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-200x215.jpg 200w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-279x300.jpg 279w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-400x431.jpg 400w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-600x646.jpg 600w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-768x827.jpg 768w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-800x861.jpg 800w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-951x1024.jpg 951w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped.jpg 1003w, https:\/\/curesz.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Carol-North-high-resolution-picture-cropped-1200x1292.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2674\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carol S. North\uff0c\u533b\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0cMPE\uff0cDLFAPA<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5 <em>\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7<\/em> \u6700\u521d\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <em>\u65e9\u53d1\u6027\u75f4\u5446<\/em>. \u8fd9\u4e2a\u672f\u8bed\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201c\u65e9\u53d1\u6027\u75f4\u5446\u201d\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u4e8e1853\u5e74\u7531\u6cd5\u56fd\u533b\u751f\u672c\u7b03\u00b7\u83ab\u96f7\u5c14\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4e8e1896\u5e74\u88ab\u5fb7\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u57c3\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u514b\u96f7\u4f69\u6797\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u79cd\u6162\u6027\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6cbb\u6108\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u6027\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u75c5\u4e8e\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u665a\u671f\u5230\u6210\u5e74\u65e9\u671f\u30021908\u5e74\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c24\u91d1\u00b7\u5e03\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5c14\u5c06\u5176\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a <em>\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7<\/em>, \u6307\u7684\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5206\u88c2\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u683c\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u611f\u77e5\u3002<sup>1<\/sup> \u4e0e Kraepelin \u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cBleuler 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\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5305\u62ec <em>Bleuler \u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001Kraepelin-Bleuler \u75c5\u3001Schneider \u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\u5931\u8c03\u969c\u788d\u3001\u663e\u7740\u6027\u5931\u8c03\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u60c5\u7eea\u6574\u5408\u969c\u788d\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u8c31\u7cfb\u969c\u788d\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u6613\u611f\u6027\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001\u77e5\u89c9\u529f\u80fd\u969c\u788d\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\u3001<\/em> \u548c <em>\u9752\u5e74\u53d1\u4f5c\u7684\u610f\u52a8\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u626d\u66f2<\/em> \uff08\u548c\u7766\uff09\u3002 2002\u5e74\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a <em>\u6574\u5408\u969c\u788d<\/em>.\u540c\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u53f0\u6e2f\u6b63\u5f0f\u66f4\u540d 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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u62c5\u5fc3\u6539\u53d8\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u803b\u8fb1\u4ece\u65e7\u540d\u79f0\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u65b0\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u540c\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e00\u8d77\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u800c\u5c31\u65b0\u540d\u79f0\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u9879\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u5c31\u9884\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u5c06\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63d0\u5021\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u540d\u3002<sup>2<\/sup> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5510\u6c0f\u7efc\u5408\u75c7\u662f 21 \u4e09\u4f53\u7efc\u5408\u5f81\uff08\u4ee5\u524d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8499\u53e4\u75c5\u201d\uff09\u7684\u540c\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u6c0f\u75c5\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8001\u5e74\u75f4\u5446\u75c7\u201d\u7684\u540c\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u7eb3\u4ec0 (John Nash) \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u8fd1\u56e0\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u800c\u8fc7\u7740\u8f89\u714c\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7535\u5f71 <em>\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u5fc3\u7075<\/em> \u620f\u5267\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5728 1994 \u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684\u8457\u540d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u4ee5\u4ed6\u60a3\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u540c\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6539\u4e3a <em><strong>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u7eb3\u4ec0\u969c\u788d<\/strong><\/em>\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u8d1f\u9762\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e13\u5bb6\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u9884\u671f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u65b0\u540d\u79f0\u5fc5\u987b\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e13\u4e1a\u548c\u516c\u5171\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ec\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5c5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u3002<sup>2<\/sup> \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u65b0\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002<sup>3<\/sup> \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u9884\u8ba1\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6539\u53d8\u516c\u4f17\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6539\u5584\u8be5\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u9884\u671f\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003<\/p>\n<p>1. Gaebel W, Kerst A. \u5173\u4e8e\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u540d\u5b57\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u9664\u803b\u8fb1\u611f\u3002 <em>\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66<\/em> 2019; 28(3):258-261.<\/p>\n<p>2. Lasalvia A, Penta E, Sartorius N, Henderson S. \u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u5f03\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff1f <em>\u88c2\u53f6\u6c34\u5e93<\/em> 2015; 162(1-3):276-284.<\/p>\n<p>3. 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